Business sentiment among Japan’s large manufacturers remained unchanged in the latest quarter, according to the Bank of Japan’s tankan survey. The benchmark index stayed at +13 for July-September, the same as the previous quarter, indicating more companies were optimistic than pessimistic about business conditions. Meanwhile, the index for large non-manufacturers edged up to +34 from +33. The results aligned with analyst forecasts, reflecting Japan’s stable economic growth despite challenges like a declining workforce and a weakening currency. Strong wage growth and a boom in tourism have boosted market optimism. The tankan survey is closely monitored for signals on the Bank of Japan’s future interest rate decisions, with expectations of continued rate hikes if inflation targets are maintained.